[摘要] 目的 研究围术期输血量与心脏外科患者术后感染的关系。 方法 采取回顾性分析病例的方法,选取2014年1月~2015年8月入住我院心外科并接受心外科手术治疗的患者共637例,采用单因素和多因素分析方法,通过校正混杂因素的影响,判断围术期输血与术后感染的关系。 结果 输血患者术后感染率显著高于未输血患者(p<0.01)。在校正了混杂因素后,输血与未输血的患者发生术后感染的or值为1.129(p<0.01)。 结论 输血是可能导致术后感染的独立危险因素,且输血量越多,术后感染率越高,值得临床关注。
[关键词] 输血;感染;心脏手术;围术期
[中图分类号] r654.2 [文献标识码] a [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)02(a)-0053-05
relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and postoperative infection in patients of department of cardiac surgery
ren yan-peng cai qian-qian qi liang song bing▲
the first hospital of lanzhou university,lanzhou 730000,china
[abstract] objective to study the relationship between perioperative blood transfusion amount and postoperative infection in patients of department of cardiac surgery. methods the method of retrospectively analyzed cases was used.637 patients treated by cardial surgery in department of cardiac surgery of our hospital from january 2014 to august 2015 were selected.single factor and multifactor analysis method was used and the impact of confounding factors were corrected to judge the relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and postoperative infection. results the postoperative infection rate in patients with blood transfusion was obviously higher than that of patients having no blood transfusion (p<0.01).after corrected the confounding factors,the or value of postoperative infection in patients with blood transfusion and having no blood transfusion was 1.129 (p<0.01). conclusion blood transfusion is a dependent risk factors that may lead to postoperative infection,and with more blood transfusion,the higher rate that appears postoperative infection.it is worthy of clinical attention.
[key words] blood transfusion;infection;cardiac surgery;perioperative period
目前,包括先天性心脏病、冠心病等在内的多种心脏疾病,主要在心脏外科通过手术的方法进行治疗,但术后会由于多种原因引起并发症,其中术后感染就是常见的一种,影响患者在术后的顺利恢复,严重者甚至可以威胁到患者的生命健康(其中人工瓣膜心内膜炎的死亡率高达33.3%~66.7%[1]),同时感染也会引起患者多个器官衰竭[2],延长住院时间,增加医疗费用,加重家庭负担,导致医疗纠纷。据报道,心脏外科术后感染的发病率达5%~21%。心脏外科患者术后感染除了具有一般外科术后感染的一般特征外,还具有其本身特定的特点。据文献报道,心脏外科术后感染类型有很多种,最常见的是呼吸道感染,占所有心脏外科术后感染的50%以上[3]。对同期术后感染患者和术后未感染患者的对比研究是找出引起心脏外科术后感染因素的主要手段。本文将回顾性研究同期入住我院并接受心脏外科手术治疗的患者,对比研究输血与否患者的术后感染率,探讨心脏外科术后输血与患者术后感染的关系。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2014年1月~2015 年8月于兰州大学第一医院心外科行心外科手术的患者共1238例,符合入选标准的患者共637例,所入选的病例术式均为正中开胸,并在全身麻醉、体外循环下进行,选择其中无各种慢性病史如高血压、糖尿病、肝肾功能不全及肺功能减退患者,术前即有感染存在的患者及术后因神经系统并发症等原因而未能在常规时间内苏醒的病例均不入选。入选患者采用清洁灌肠、口服抗生素、温和缓释导泻剂进行术前准备,并根据我院的常规,预防性使用抗生素。
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